SCENARIO OF WORLD WHEAT PRODUCTION

World Wheat production Scenario 

Wheat was one of the first crops that were cultivated in the world thanks to its adaptability to wider range of climatic conditions and soils making it a very easy to produce crop in that time when man didn’t even know the basics of living. Wheat requires a cooler weather and a good level of moisture in the early plantation period and once the grain is formed, it needs a warmer weather to dry up. That is why the best-suited climate needed for the wheat crop to prosper is the temperate climate.

In USA, the wheat seeds are sown in the months of September and October. After February, when the snow in those areas starts to melt, the wheat crop starts to shoot up and during summers it is left to develop and finally it is harvested in the months of June, July and September. In India, wheat is cultivated as a Rabi crop and it is planted in the month of October. It is harvested in the months April and May

The world production of wheat sums up to over 585 million tons annually. As mentioned above, the production of wheat is slightly concentrated in the hands of a few countries as the top four producers of the world contribute around 60% of the world’s total production. The production-wise list of the major producers of wheat is given below

• European Union
• China
• India
• United States of America
• Russia
• Canada
• Australia
• Pakistan
• Turkey
• Argentina
• Iran
• Kazakhstan

The largest producer of wheat in the world is European Union that contributes to around 1/4th share to the world’s total production. As it is said that the demand of wheat increases with the increase in population, the nations having the largest population in the world i.e. China and India stand at the 2nd and 3rd position in the largest wheat producing nations’ list in order to satisfy the domestic consumption demand. These two countries contribute 14 % and 12% respectively in the world’s total production. India has shown a high rise in production of wheat after the green revolution and taken a lead from USA in recent times.

Wheat is produced on approximately 2.5 million square kilometers of the world. The maximum area in the total cultivated area of wheat is constituted by India at around 13%. The other major countries that have a significant impact on the total area contributed for wheat production are

• European Union
• Russia
• China
• USA
• Australia
• Canada
• Kazakhstan